An Occupational Disease is any chronic ailment that occurs as a result of work or occupational activity. In India the major occupational diseases are pneumoconiosis, occupational dermatoses, musculoskeletal disorders and occupational cancers. The increased proportion of workforce employed in occupations exposing them to dust of various types e.g. mining and construction, makes dust related respiratory diseases one of the chief occupational disease. In recent years the number and amount of chemical used in industrial set up is increased and thereby making the workers susceptible for the skin related problems originating or aggravating due to workplace. On one hand with increasing mechanization of work processes has resulted in sedentary nature of work while on the other hand the intense laborious job involving heavy lifting and awkward postures result in important musculoskeletal disorders such as low back pain, repetitive strain injuries and cumulative trauma disorders. In the recent years occupational cancers have gained more importance as there are many carcinogenic substances which are handled by workers at workplace such as chemicals, silica, asbestos, radiation, etc.